Painkiller is a 1990 gold-certifed album by British heavy metal band Judas Priest. The album was recorded at Miraval Studios, Brignoles, France in early 1990, and mixed at Wisseloord Studios, Hilversum, the Netherlands later that year. It was the first album with current drummer Scott Travis. The original LP, cassette and CD versions were released on September 3, 1990. A re-mastered CD was released in May 2001. The album received a Grammy nomination for Best Metal Performance at the February 20, 1991 33rd Annual Grammy Awards.

Following the poor sales of the album Ram it Down, which was itself an attempt at reconciling with the public over the perceived sellout, Turbo, Judas Priest returned to their classic '70s style, while borrowing contemporary speed metal techniques, resulting in their most critically acclaimed album in a decade. The album is viewed by some as the quintessential speed metal album and the style proved highly influential to European power metal bands such as Gamma Ray and Primal Fear.

Following the tour for this album, singer Rob Halford left the band and maintained little contact with his former bandmates throughout the 1990s. The reason for this was due to growing tension in the band, although not, as popularly attributed, because of Halford's homosexuality. During the Painkiller tour in Toronto, Halford crashed his trademark Harley-Davidson motorcycle onstage, which became the catalyst for their break-up. Halford wanted to create his new band, Fight, and had to legally leave the band to allow his creation to be sold. Judas Priest declared that they did not exist anymore after Halford had left. They reunited in a few years, with singer Tim 'Ripper' Owens, with whom they soon recorded the album Jugulator, followed by Demolition.

In May 2006, In Metal Hammer's top 20 Albums of all time, Painkiller came in at Number 13.